agger - cambered bed of Roman road
assart - clearance in waste by an individual or family
bank - a valley side
breach - newly cultivated land
burn, bourn - boundary stream
bury, borough, burgh (buhr) - originally a fortified place
causey - causeway, a road raised above flood level
caster, cester, chester, -ester, -eter - a fortress, Roman or
earlier
cheaping, chipping - market
civil parish - local admin. unit based on church parish, from
C16th .
close - an enclosed piece of ground
cockshut (shoot) - net across glade to catch pigeons
cold - probable corruption of 'cole'
cole - 1. charcoal 2. hazel
common - land over which tenants had grazing and gathering rights
cot, cote - sheep shelter, cottage
cut - canal
croft - enclosure
cross - crossing of tracks, site of votive cross
custard - cot-stow, site of cottage
cyin, kelyn - kiln
dell - deep hollow
dene, dean - valley
demesne - part of manor retained by lord
ditch - natural or man-made watercourse
don, down, dun - hill
ea - river
end - admin. division in civil parish
feld, field (felled) - land cleared and enclosed for agriculture
fleam - millrace
folly - a useless or pretentious structure
ford - safe crossing-place on river
foreign, forren - part of a manor outside 'borough' or urban
area
foredrove, fordrough - farm track
forty - land standing above marsh
garth - enclosed plot, yard
gate - highway, later turnpike gate
glebe - priest's land
gore - small piece of ploughland
grange - outlying farm
grave - grove
green - common pasture, unenclosed
greet, grit - gravel
hale - heath. nook or corner
hall - 1. corruption of 'hale' 2. a large building
ham - a homestead
hamm - land in river bend
hay, hey - (hege) enclosure
heath - stoney or sandy barren land
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hide - a land measure, about 120
acres
har, hoar, war - boundary
hole, holm - flood-meadow
holloway - sunken road
holt - wood
holy well - spring with supposed curative properties.
hull - hill
hurst - wood
ing, ingas - tribe or folk
intake - land won from waste
Lady (Mill, Pool) - property whose income supported St. Mary's
Church or Lady Chapel
land, laund - 1. glade 2. strip in open field
lea, ley - leahe, clearing in woodland
leasow - pasture
leat - millrace
low - burial mound, barrow
malthouse - cottage brewery
manor - a separate estate, usually in single ownership
mear, mere, meare - boundary
mere - pool
mire - bog
moat - defensive water-filled ditch about a dwelling
moor, mor, more - bog, ill-drained meadow
motte - a castle mound
parish - district served by one church
park - (ancient) enclosed hunting reserve
picked, piked - angular close
plat, platt - a plain or level meadow
pleck - small close
poors - land devoted to charity
pudding - sticky, heavy soil
quarter - civil parish divn., own Overseers
ridding, redding, rudding - land cleared of wood
slade - boggy dell
stead, stede - site of dwelling
stock - post
stone - boulder used to mark boundary
stowe - holy place
street - Roman road
strip - furlong holding in open field
toft - homestead
ton, tun - farm, fence, enclosure, village
vill - a township
waste - uncultivated land of manor
well - spring or dug well
worth - wood
wic, wick, wick - dwelling, hamlet |
NOTE: Before maps appeared to perpetuate name forms, a term of
precise meaning might go out of use and be inexplicable to later
generations. It was not uncommon then for a word of current use,
similar in form or sound but quite different in meaning, to be substituted-e.g.,
'cold' for 'cole'.
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