Visual Reminders of the Past

GEOLOGY
Erratic Boulders: University of Birmingham grounds; Cannon Hill Park; Great Stone, Northfield Pound; Gilbertstone, Lyndon Green School; Warstone, W. Lane Cemetery;
Farm Park; Metchley Abbey, Spon Lane, Cotteridge Park.
Drift, Sand, Gravel: Shirley Quarry; Greet Ford, Stratford Road; Warwick Canal, Stockfield and Acocks Green; Moseley Railway cutting; Sutton Park.
Keuper Sandstone: exposures, Lodge Road Cemetery, Wellington Road, Perry Barr; Tyburn Road; excavations, central B'ham.
Keuper Marl: Waterloo Pit, Hay Mills; excavations, south-east B'ham.
Arden Sandstone: Rowington Church and Quarry.
Coal Measure Sandstone: Rubery Quarry.
Silurian Limestone: Dudley Castle Hill; Wren's Nest.
Dolerite: Rowley Hills Quarry.

RELIEF Viewpoints: Frankley Beeches; Walton Hill, Four Stones Hill, Clent; Barr Beacon; Swanshurst Park, Forhill, Weatheroak Hill, Beaudesert.

PREHISTORY Bourne Pool, Aldridge; Great Packington; Wythall Heath; Kingstanding (restored tumulus);
Hillforts - Wychbury Hill, Clent; Castle Ring, Cannock Chase; Wrekin summit; Berry Mound, Solihull Lodge;
The Mount, Beoley. Ridgeway summits - Walton Hill; Barr Beacon.

ROMAN Ryknild Street - ford at Bidford; Beoley, Lifford Lane, Stirchley Street, Bournbrook Road, Wheeler Street, Kingstanding Road, Sutton Park, Letocetum excavations, Wall. Viroconium(Wroxeter) Baths, Forum.
Ratae (Leicester) Jewry Wall, Roman villa at Chedworth, Glos. Metchley Camp, restored corner.

SAXON Arden settlements, Wootton, Tanworth, Henley, etc. Bull Ring, B'ham village green. Kingsbury, Tamworth, Coleshill, Bromsgrove, Kings Norton, Yardley, Weoley, Northfield, Handsworth, Hamstead, Aston, Witton, Harborne, etc.

NORMAN Smithfield Market, Moat Lane and Row, manor house site. Sheldon Hall moat. Motte, Castle Bromwich. Kingshurst. Dudley Castle motte. Hobbs Moat, Olton. Elder Field, Sheldon. Lyndon Field.

MEDIEVAL Warwick, Dudley, Kenilworth, Maxstoke Castles. de Montfort earthwork, Beaudesert. Kents Moat, Yardley moat. Church towers, Kings Norton, Moseley, Yardley, Harborne, Edgbaston, Aston; St. Lawrence's Church,
Northfield, St. Giles' Church, Sheldon, Weoley Castle. Manor houses, Selly, Kings Norton, West Bromwich. Minworth Greaves, Yardley Trust School. 'Lad in the Lane' (Erdington), Old Town Hall (Handsworth), Old Crown Inn, Deritend.
Maxstoke Priory and Halesowen Abbey ruins. Hay Hall. Northfield Pound. Holloways - Scribers Lane, Yardley Green
Road, Bell Holloway. Yardley Wood and Billesley Commons. Sladefield, Ward End. Sites of Yardley, Lea, Greet,
Acocks Green and Stock Fields.

TUDOR Field Gate Farm, Acocks Green Field. Blakesley Hall 1585. Hillfield Hall, Solihull. Oak House, West Bromwich. Golden Lion Inn, Cannon Hill Park. Grammar School, Kings Norton. Stone House, Weoley. Sheldon Hall.

STUART Stratford House 1601. Site of Frankley Hall. Lifford Hall. Castle Bromwich Hall, Aston Hall. Perry, Water
Orton Bridges. Comet Inn, Castle Bromwich. Westwood House, Aston, Dovecote, Moseley Hall. Hill House, Yardley.
Pinfold House, Stockfield. Lightwoods House, Warley. Bell Inn, Marston Green Hay Hall brick encasing.

GEORGIAN Marston Chapel, Hall Green, 1704. St. Philip's Church, 1710. Cole Hall. Edgbaston Hall, 1718. Tollhouse, Smethwick. Angel Inn, Sparkbrook. Castle Bromwich Church. Houses - Spring Hill, Moseley Road, Chester Road, Bradford Street, Harborne and Yardley villages, etc. Moorlands, Wake Green. Bishops Croft, Harborne, 1750. Monyhull Hall 1750. Lloyd Farm, Farm Park, 1758. Edgbaston Observatory, 1758-60. Witton Hall. Rookery, Erdington. Lea Hall, Handsworth. Soho Hall, 1764-89. St. Paul's Church 1773, Square c.1780. Brasshouse, c.1790. Moseley Hall. Murdoch's house, Soho Foundry (Averys') 1790's. Houses, late Georgian - Hamstead Road, Moseley Road, Broad Street.

EARLY C19th. Ward End House, Shaw Hill House. Hay Hall frontage 1810. Orthopaedic Hospital, Broad Street. Yardley Wood Cottage. Yardley Fields cottages. Billesley Lane, Shirley Road, Arden Road cottages. Metchley 'Abbey' 1810. Proof House, Banbury Street 1813. Churches - Meeting House, now St. Michael's R.C., 1801 . Holy Trinity, Camp Hill 1823, St. Barnabas, Erdington 1824, St. Thomas' Bath Row 1826. All Saints Hockley 1833, St. George's Edgbaston 1834, Stockfield Chapel 1828, St. John Perry Barr, 1833. St. Margaret's Chapel, Ward End, 1834. St. Andrew, Bordesley 1837. St. Chad's R.C. Cathedral, 1839-41, Christ Church Quinton, 1841, Christ Church Yardley Wood 1849. Five Lands House, Moseley. Showell Green House. Several Inner Ring public houses. Frederick and George Roads, Edgbaston. Four Arches Bridge, River Cole. Hagley Road/Monument Road corner 1829. Edgbaston Castle, off Wellington Road, c.1830. Town Hall 1834, Botanical Gardens. Granville Street. Yardley Church School 1836. Bull's Head, Hall Green. Yardley Arms, Y. Fields Road c.1840. Hagley Road. Queen's Hospital 1844. St. Lawrence's Church School, Northfield 1844. Bath Walk, Balsall Heath 1845. Winson Green Prison, All Saints' Hospital 1849. George Street West.

CANALS Gas Street Basin. Brindley Cut. Arm to Old Wharf, Bridge Street, 1772. B.C.N. Clissold Street, Icknield Port Road, Winson Green Road. Fazeley Junction 1783. Kingston Row c. 1760. Cambrian Wharf, Cottage, Farmers Bridge Lock Flight. Digbeth Junction, Branch, Basin, Ashted tunnel and Lock Flight, 1790. Smeaton Cut, Smethwick Summit, and Lock Flight, 1790. Soho Branch Canal, Lodge Road, 1801. Aston and Salford Lock Flights, Fazeley Canal, Tame Aqueduct, Trout Pool Bridge, 1790. Earthen dam, Ladywood (Rotton Park or Edgbaston) Reservoir 1825-7. Keeper's House. Telford Cut 1834-7, Fazeley Junction, Lee Bridge Dudley Road, Northbrook Street, Rabone Lane, Brass-house Lane. Pump House. Smethwick Feeder Aqueduct, Galton Bridge. Titford Feeder, Shireland Brook Aqueduct, sluice at R.P. Res., 1835-7. Hockley Port. Worcester Canal 1791. Worcester Bar, Holliday St. iron aqueduct, Prichatts Road, Bridge, Tollhouse at Kings Norton Junction, wharf cottages, Wast Hill Tunnel, ventilators, Tardebigge Locks, Bittell Reservoir, Wychall Reservoir and feeder. Dudley Canal Branch cut and bridge, off Harborne Lane, Lapal Tunnel arch, 1798, site of Harborne Res. Warwick Canal 1793-9, Warwick Bar, wharves, off Fazeley St., Rea Aqueduct, B. & W.J. Canal Junction 1844. Camp Hill Lock Flight, Sampson Road Wharves. Cole, millrace tunnels, banks. Sparkbrook Basin. Westley Brook Feeder. Woodcock Lane Bridge. Olton Res. Knowle and Hatton Locks. Stratford Canal 1793-1816. K.N. Junction, Guillotine Stoplock, Monyhull Tunnel, High Bridge Yardley Wood, Cole Aqueduct, Shirley Drawbridge, Earlswood Lakes and Feeder, Wootton and Bearley Aqueducts, Bancroft Basin. B'ham & Warwick Junction Canal 1844. Saltley Locks, cottage, Reservoir, Nechells Shallow Lock, Salford Junction. Tame Valley Canal 1846, Perry Barr Locks.

WATERMILLS Visible sites: Hamstead, Upper Witton, Witton Forge; Wychall, Holders, Averns; Lady, Broomhall, Shirley, Stechford. Buildings: Sarehole, Babbs, Harborne, Over (ruin), Averns (millhouse only); Henwood, Darley Green, Mercote, Meriden, Maxstoke, Blyth Hall. Pools: Upper and Lower Witton, Over, Wychall, Lifford, Titterford, Sarehole.

RAILWAYS Curzon St. Station 1837. Queen Hotel c.1840. Moseley tunnel, cutting, viaducts, 1837-40. Stechford, Saltley, Perry Barr cuttings. Great Western Arcade (over cutting). Harborne Line cutting, 1874. Stour Valley Line from Lee Bridge Dudley Road. Closed Stations - Moseley, Kings Heath, Church Road, Five Ways, etc. 1837 Bridge, Lea Hall.

LATER C19th. St. Saviour's Church 1850, St. John's Ladywood 1855. Oratory 1855. Moseley Grammar School (former College) 1853. St. Peter's College 1859. St. Mary's School Selly Oak '60. Robin Hood House c.1860. Adderley Park '62. St. Martin's Church tower 1853, rest 1876. Handsworth Board Offices 1877 Birmingham Council House 1879.
Corporation Street from '78. Aston Manor Council House. Victoria Law Courts 1897. General Hospital from '97.
Workhouse and Infirmary (now Summerfield Hospital) late 1890's. Selly Oak Workhouse and Infirmary (K.N. &
Northfield U.D.) late 1890's. Bournville 1890's on. Kings Norton School Board Offices, Yardley School Board Offices. Redhill, Greet, Hall Green, Yardley Wood Board Schools. Libraries - Central, Reference, Heath Mill Lane, Spring Hill. Dispensaries - Highgate, Ladywood, Lozells.

EARLY C20th. University of Birmingham 1905-10. George Dixon Schools 1905-6. Acocks Green and Hay Mills Police Stations, '08. Yardley Council House, 1902. Sparkhill Court House, Police Station. Women's Hospital, Showell Green, 1906. Digbeth Civic Hall 1910. Yardley Secondary (Grammar) School 1910. Small Heath Baths and Library.

1918-1939 Council House Extension 1922. Hall of Memory '25. British Industries Fair Building. First Council Houses, Cotterills Lane, '20. Garrison Lane flats '29, St. Martin's Estate '38. Elmdon Airport. Hams Hall Power Station, Lea Hall Station, Baskerville House (part), Civic Centre '39, Council Estates. 'Bus Garages, Baths, Libraries. Airport.

POST-1945 Redevelopment Areas, Shard End, Castle Vale, Kingshurst, Chelmsley Wood. Flyovers and Underpasses, Pedestrian Subways. University of Aston. New buildings, University of Birmingham, City College of Education. Colleges and Comprehensive Schools. Calthorpe Estate redevelopment. Digbeth dual carriageway, Camp Hill Flyover. Bull Ring Centre. Queensway. Circuses and Gardens, Murals, statuary. Rotunda, Sentinels. New Street Station, shopping centre, Big Top and Corporation St. rebuilding. James Brindley Walk, Post Office Tower. Fountain Court, Post & Mail Tower. Aukinleck Centre. 'Swan', Coventry Road underpass. 'West One'. A.A. Headquarters, Repertory Theatre, Crescent Theatre. Cannon Hill Arts Centre, Britannic Assurance Building, Moseley, M5, M6, Aston Expressway, 'Spaghetti Junction'. Elmdon Airport extensions. Stechford Baths, Lucas Shaftmoor Works, Kitts Green industrial estate. Precincts. Castle Vale Destructor Works.

WATER Rivers and Streams: River Tame - Manwoods, Hamstead, Perry Park, Salford, Castle Bromwich; River Rea - Gannow Green, Longbridge, Wychall, Lifford, Moor Green, Balsall Heath, Tame confluence east Nechells; River Cole - walk from City boundary to Stratford Road (and ultimately to Kingshurst), 'gorge' near Tyseley Destructor, Coventry Road, Glebe Farm Park, walkable brooks - Griffins, Senneleys, Chinn, Fox Hollies.
Pools, Lakes, Reservoirs: Coldbath, Swanshurst, Titterford, Cannon Hill, Moseley, Manor Farm Park, Edgbaston Great Pool, Chad Pools, Handsworth and Pype Hayes, Ward End Parks, Witton Pools; Perry, Frankley, Bartley Green,
Shustoke and Salford drinking-water reservoirs; Rotton Park and Saltley Canal Reservoirs; Wychall and Lifford mill-
compensation Reservoirs.
Waterworks: Ladywood, Frankley, Shustoke, Warley towers. Model of EIan/Claerwen dams and reservoirs at Cannon
Hill Park.

VIEWPOINTS The City Centre is best seen from the top floor of the Rotunda or Post Office Tower: good views are
obtainable from most tall towers, of which there are now more than 300 in Birmingham. Highgate still gives views from Frankley Beeches to the east end of the Birmingham ridge. There are excellent (if windy) vistas in all the redevelopment areas: the view over Lee Bank from Grant Street is recommended. The bridges over the Aston Expressway give a clear view towards the centre: from the highway itself there is now an impressive sight of Aston Hall and the Junction ahead. M6's elevation provides a panoramic view of the whole northern half of the city for the motorist.